Extracellular vesicles are produced by species across all domains of life, suggesting that
vesiculation represents a fundamental principle of living matter. In Gram-negative bacteria …

The twenty-first century has witnessed major developments in the field of extracellular
vesicle (EV) research, including significant steps towards defining standard criteria for the …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of
origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate …

The biofilm matrix can be considered to be a shared space for the encased microbial cells,
comprising a wide variety of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as …

Cells release small, phospholipid membrane-enclosed particles, collectively referred to as
extracellular vesicles (EVs), into their surroundings to enable intercellular communication …

Staphylococcus aureus is a clinically important pathogen that causes a wide range of
human infections, from minor skin infections to severe tissue infection and sepsis. S. aureus …

Secretion of cellular components across the plasma membrane is an essential process that
enables organisms to interact with their environments. Production of extracellular vesicles in …

The intestine is fundamental in controlling human health. Intestinal epithelial and immune
cells are continuously exposed to millions of microbes that greatly impact on intestinal …

Most bacteria release membrane vesicles (MVs) that contain specific cargo molecules and
have diverse functions, including the transport of virulence factors, DNA transfer, interception …

The sustained growth, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells depend upon bidirectional
cell–cell communication within complex tissue environments. Such communication …