According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' influential position statement on
vegetarianism, meat and seafood can be replaced with milk, soy/legumes, and eggs without …

Public health researchers may assume, based on the fetal origins literature, that “scarring” of
birth cohorts describes the population response to modern-day stressors. We contend …

Prenatal exposures have meaningful effects on health across the life course. Innovations in
causal inference have shed new light on these effects. Here, we motivate the importance of …

In this study, we estimate the long-run effects of early-life exposure to weather shocks on the
height of primary school children. To estimate the global impacts on almost the entire child …

Many empirical studies have shown that health conditions in utero can have long lasting
consequences for health across the life course. However, despite this evidence, there is no …

This study estimates the lingering effects of fetal exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic
on the development of secondary school and girls' high school students in industrializing …

The justification for this review article is to understand the position of vegans and those
individuals who consume food of animal origin from an unbiased perspective but with a …

Emerging theory and empirical work suggest that the 'Bruce Effect', or the increase in
spontaneous abortion observed in non-human species when environments become …

Background and objectives The sex ratio of human birth cohorts predicts the health and
longevity of their members. Most literature invokes natural selection in support of the …

While sex ratios at birth (SRB) have been shown to vary within and across populations, after
over a century of research, explanations have remained elusive. A variety of ecological …