The amide functional group plays a key role in the composition of biomolecules, including
many clinically approved drugs. Bioisosterism is widely employed in the rational …

Fear is an adaptive component of the acute “stress” response to potentially-dangerous
(external and internal) stimuli which threaten to perturb homeostasis. However, when …

Major depression is a debilitating and recurrent disorder with a substantial lifetime risk and a
high social cost. Depressed patients generally display co-morbid symptoms, and depression …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-leading cause of dementia and is characterized by a
progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra alongside the presence of …

Currently available treatments have limited pro-cognitive effects for neuropsychiatric
disorders, such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The …

Monoaminergic pathways are highly responsive to aversive stimuli and play a crucial role in
the control of affect, cognition, endocrine secretion, chronobiotic rhythms, appetite, and …

The behavioral and pathophysiological role of the dopamine D3 receptor, which was
deduced from anatomical, lesion and drug treatment studies in the ten years following …

Dopamine D 3 receptor antagonists exert pro-cognitive effects in both rodents and primates.
Accordingly, this study compared the roles of dopamine D 3 vs D 2 receptors in social …

BACKGROUND: A deficiency of mesolimbic dopamine (DA) is a leading candidate for the
etiology of certain symptoms of depression (eg, anhedonia and loss of motivation). Here we …

Holometabolous insects stop feeding at the final larval instar stage and then undergo
metamorphosis; however, the mechanism is unclear. In the present study, using the serious …