Mammalian genomes are extensively transcribed, which produces a large number of both
coding and non-coding transcripts. Various RNAs are physically associated with chromatin …

RNA-binding proteins play a key role in the regulation of all aspects of RNA metabolism,
from the synthesis of RNA to its decay. Protein-RNA interactions have been thought to be …

DNA damage shuts down genome-wide transcription to prevent transcriptional mutagenesis
and to initiate repair signalling, but the mechanism to stall elongating RNA polymerase II …

RNAP II is frequently paused near gene promoters in mammals, and its transition to
productive elongation requires active recruitment of P-TEFb, a cyclin-dependent kinase for …

Summary A population of CD4 T lymphocytes harboring latent HIV genomes can persist in
patients on antiretroviral therapy, posing a barrier to HIV eradication. To examine cellular …

Latent HIV reservoirs are the primary hurdle to eradication of infection. Identification of
agents, pathways and molecular mechanisms that activate latent provirus may, in the …

BET bromodomain antagonist JQ1 reactivates HIV-1, while suppressing T cell activation
genes, and upregulating histone modification genes that favor increased Tat activity. The …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) inhibits HIV-1 replication, but the virus persists in latently
infected resting memory CD4+ T cells susceptible to viral reactivation. The virus-encoded …

The bromodomain protein Brd4 regulates the transcription of signal-inducible genes. This is
achieved by recruiting the positive transcription elongation factor P-TEFb to promoters by its …

Combination antiretroviral therapy, despite being potent and life-prolonging, is not curative
and does not eradicate HIV-1 infection since interruption of treatment inevitably results in a …