1. INTRODUCTION Any surface immersed in seawater is subjected to the settlement of
marine organisms (bacteria, algae, mollusks), known as fouling or biofouling. This unwanted …

Biofouling is a major problem shared among all maritime sectors employing submerged
structures where it leads to substantially increased costs and lowered operational lifespans …

The effect of feature size, geometry, and roughness on the settlement of zoospores of the
ship fouling alga Ulva was evaluated using engineered microtopographies in …

Shark skin surfaces show non-smoothness characteristics due to the presence of a riblet
structure. In this study, biomimetic shark skin was prepared by using the …

Biofouling exerts a frictional and cost penalty on ships and is a direct cause of invasion by
marine species. These negative consequences provide a unifying purpose for the maritime …

Biofouling, the attachment and growth of organisms on submerged, man-made surfaces, has
plagued ship operators for at least 2500 years. Accumulation of biofouling, including …

Various designs for coatings that resist the attachment of marine organisms are based on
the concept of “ambiguous” surfaces that present both hydrophobic and hydrophilic …

Marine biofouling of ship hulls and ocean structures causes enormous economic losses due
to increased frictional drag. Thus, efforts have been exerted worldwide to eliminate …

Industrial piping structures often suffer from corrosion caused by biofouling or chemical
etching, which can cause immediate structural failure. Polyurea coatings, which are …

In order to facilitate a semi-high throughput approach to the evaluation of novel fouling-
release coatings, a 'spinjet'apparatus has been constructed. The apparatus delivers a jet of …