The traditional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture system (on a flat support) has long
been used in cancer research. However, this system cannot be fully translated into clinical …

Owing to the importance of stem cell culture systems in clinical applications, researchers
have extensively studied them to optimize the culture conditions and increase efficiency of …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are present in all organs and tissues. Several studies have
shown the therapeutic potential effect of MSC or their derived products. However, the …

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has been considered as a promising
approach targeting a variety of intractable diseases due to remarkable multiple effect of …

Multi‐cellular spheroids are formed as a 3D structure with dense cell–cell/cell–extracellular
matrix interactions, and thus, have been widely utilized as implantable therapeutics and …

Compared with traditional 2D adherent cell culture, 3D spheroidal cell aggregates, or
spheroids, are regarded as more physiological, and this technique has been exploited in the …

Multicellular spheroids are three dimensional in vitro microscale tissue analogs. The current
article examines the suitability of spheroids as an in vitro platform for testing drug delivery …

Adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) are a mesenchymal stem cell source with properties of
self‐renewal and multipotential differentiation. Compared to bone marrow‐derived stem …

As invaluable as the standard 2-dimensional (2D) monolayer in vitro cell culture system has
been, there is increasing evidence that 3-dimensional (3D) non-adherent conditions are …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are primary candidates in cell therapy and tissue
engineering and are being tested in clinical trials for a wide range of diseases. Originally …