Aluminium (Al) is frequently accessible to animal and human populations to the extent that
intoxications may occur. Intake of Al is by inhalation of aerosols or particles, ingestion of …

Abstract Glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK3) is a highly evolutionarily conserved
serine/threonine protein kinase first identified as an enzyme that regulates glycogen …

New therapeutic approaches to counter the increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2
diabetes mellitus are in high demand. Deregulation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase …

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), a constitutively acting multi‐functional serine threonine
kinase is involved in diverse physiological pathways ranging from metabolism, cell cycle …

A progressive reduction in β‐cell mass occurs in the evolution of diabetes. Thus
understanding the mechanisms responsible for this reduction in β‐cell mass is important for …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex disease characterized by β-cell failure in the setting of
insulin resistance. In early stages of the disease, pancreatic β-cells adapt to insulin …

Dysregulation of the protein kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) has been
implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. GSK-3 protein expression and …

A phylogenetically conserved response to nutritional abundance is an increase in insulin
signaling, which initiates a set of biological responses dependent on the species …

In response to environmental cues, cells coordinate a balance between anabolic and
catabolic pathways. In eukaryotes, growth factors promote anabolic processes and stimulate …

Increasing life expectancy is causing the prevalence of age-related diseases to rise, and
there is an urgent need for new strategies to improve health at older ages. Reduced activity …