Produced water from oil and gas exploration is one of the major challenges posed by the
energy sector due to the large volumes generated daily and the potential hazardous effects …

Recovery of natural gas and oil from unconventional (shale) reservoirs relies on horizontal
drilling and hydraulic fracturing to make it economical. Hydraulic fracturing generates vast …

The limited clean water resource has urged the need to extract fresh water from non-
conventional sources. Produced water (PW) is a potential source of fresh water, particularly …

Unconventional oil and gas industries generate huge amounts of produced water (PW)
containing high concentrations of potentially hazardous organic and inorganic …

The exploration and extraction of onshore gas resources play a pivotal role in meeting
global energy demands. However, traditional practices in onshore gas exploration often …

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing (HF), or “fracking,” is the driving force behind the “shale gas
revolution,” completely transforming the United States energy industry over the last two …

Water touches most segments of the petroleum industry and thus cost-effective water
management is a key part of oil & gas industry operations. The water to be managed is …

Alkaline industrial effluents possess a different challenge during treatment by advanced
oxidation processes due to the reduction in redox potential of hydroxyl radical (• OH) in basic …

All around the world, water supplies are coming under increasing pressure as population
growth, climate change, pollution, and changes in land use affect water quantity and quality …

The role of natural gas in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and advancing renewable
energy resource integration is undoubtedly critical. With the progress of hydrocarbons …