The record of the continental lithosphere is patchy and incomplete; no known rock is older
than 4.02 Ga, and less than 5% of the rocks preserved are older than 3 Ga. In addition, there …

Geophysically detectible mid-lithospheric discontinuities (MLD) and lithosphere-
asthenosphere boundaries (LAB) beneath cratons have received much attention over recent …

Continental crust is the archive of Earth history. The spatial and temporal distribution of
Earth's record of rock units and events is heterogeneous; for example, ages of igneous …

Recent studies of the focal depths of earthquakes in old continental lithosphere have shown
that they are almost entirely confined to the crust. Except where recent subduction of oceanic …

The thermal thickness of Precambrian lithosphere is modeled and compared with estimates
from seismic tomography and xenolith data. We use the steady state thermal conductivity …

Temporal coincidence between continental flood basalts and breakup has been noted for
almost three decades. Eight major continental flood basalts have been produced over the …

Earth as an Evolving Planetary System, Fourth Edition discusses key topics dealing with the
evolution and interaction through time of Earth's crust, mantle, core, atmosphere …

It is well recognized that active arc volcanism at nearly all subduction zones requires
temperatures greater than 1200° C in the subarc mantle, despite the underthrusting cool …

Observations from deep boreholes at several locations worldwide indicate that (i) hydrostatic
pore pressures persist to depths of as much as 12km in the upper crust,(ii) the brittle crust is …

For decades there has been a vigorous debate about the depth extent of continental roots,.
The analysis of heat-flow, mantle-xenolith and electrical-conductivity data all indicate that …