Oncoviruses are implicated in approximately 12% of all human cancers. A large number of
the world's population harbors at least one of these oncoviruses, but only a small proportion …

In 1871, the observation of yellowish nodules in the enlarged spleen of a cow was
considered to be the first reported case of bovine leukemia. The etiological agent of this …

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus closely related to the human T-lymphotropic virus
type 1 (HTLV-1). BLV is a major animal health problem worldwide causing important …

The HTLV Tax protein is crucial for viral replication and for initiating malignant
transformation leading to the development of adult T-cell leukemia. Tax has been shown to …

The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell
leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a neoplasm of CD4+ CD25+ T cells that occurs in 2–5% of …

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ) is
dispensable for HTLV-1–mediated cellular transformation in cell culture, but is required for …

Natural antisense viral transcripts have been recognized in retroviruses, including human T-
cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), HIV-1, and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and …

Abstract HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 are highly related complex retroviruses that have been studied
intensely for nearly three decades because of their association with neoplasia …

HTLV-1 is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), the neurological syndrome
TSP/HAM and certain other clinical disorders. The viral Tax protein is considered to play a …

Human T lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) are complex deltaretroviruses that do not contain a
proto-oncogene in their genome, yet are capable of transforming primary T lymphocytes …