The Tad (tight adherence) macromolecular transport system, which is present in many
bacterial and archaeal species, represents an ancient and major new subtype of type II …

For decades, archaea were misclassified as bacteria because of their prokaryotic
morphology. Molecular phylogeny eventually revealed that archaea, like bacteria and …

Motility structures, called flagella, have been described in all three domains of life: Bacteria,
Archaea and Eukarya. These structures are well studied in both Bacteria and Eukarya …

Many systems are available for the production of recombinant proteins in bacterial and
eukaryotic model organisms, which allow us to study proteins in their native hosts and to …

Genomic islands, such as pathogenicity islands, contribute to the evolution and
diversification of microbial life. Here we report on the Widespread Colonization Island, which …

N‐linked glycosylation is recognized as an important post‐translational modification across
all three domains of life. However, the understanding of the genetic pathways for the …

Archaea are microorganisms that are distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes. They are
prevalent in extreme environments, and yet found in most ecosystems. They are a natural …

Motile archaea swim using a rotary filament, the archaellum, a surface appendage that
resembles bacterial flagella structurally, but is homologous to bacterial type IV pili. Little is …

Superfamily ATPases in type IV pili, type 2 secretion, and archaella (formerly archaeal
flagella) employ similar sequences for distinct biological processes. Here, we structurally …

The archaeal flagellum is a unique motility organelle. While superficially similar to the
bacterial flagellum, several similarities have been reported between the archaeal flagellum …