Highlights•Urban ecosystems are expanding worldwide with major effects on
biodiversity.•All species are embedded in various antagonistic and mutualistic interactions.• …

Determining diet is a key prerequisite for understanding species interactions, food web
structure and ecological dynamics. In recent years, there has been considerable …

Human activities and climate change threaten marine biodiversity worldwide, though
sensitivity to these stressors varies considerably by species and taxonomic group. Mapping …

Network approaches to ecological questions have been increasingly used, particularly in
recent decades. The abstraction of ecological systems–such as communities–through …

The geographic distributions of marine species are changing rapidly, with leading range
edges following climate poleward, deeper, and in other directions and trailing range edges …

Land degradation results in declining biodiversity and the disruption of ecosystem
functioning worldwide, particularly in the tropics. Vegetation restoration is a common tool …

Soil microorganisms are major regulators of ecosystem functioning and are under threat
from human-induced disturbances. Among these threats is grassland degradation, which is …

As world economies and organizations transform to minimize, mitigate, and neutralize their
environmental impact and adapt for environmental sustainability, industrial and …

Biodiversity on marine islands is characterized by unique biogeographic, phylogenetic and
functional characteristics. Islands hold a disproportionate amount of the world's biodiversity …

Current approaches to conservation may be inadequate to maintain ecosystem integrity
because they are mostly based on rarity status of organisms rather than functional …