Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a mechanism by which the pathogenesis of
certain viral infections is enhanced in the presence of sub-neutralizing or cross-reactive non …

Understanding immune responses to viral infections is crucial to progress in the quest for
effective infection prevention and control. The host immunity involves various mechanisms to …

Antiviral antibodies constitute an important component of the host immune response against
viral infections and serve to neutralize and reduce infectivity of the virus. However, these …

Influenza A viruses cause acute respiratory infections in swine that result in significant
economic losses for global pig production. Currently, three different subtypes of influenza A …

There is an unmet public health need for a universal influenza vaccine (UIV) to provide
broad and durable protection from influenza virus infections. The identification of broadly …

Economic losses due to influenza A virus (IAV) infections are substantial and a global
problem, ranking among the top three major health challenges in the swine industry …

A degraded/dysfunctional immune system appears to be the main determinant of
serious/fatal reaction to viral infection (for COVID-19, SARS, and influenza alike). There are …

Influenza A virus (IAV) causes respiratory disease in swine and humans. Vaccines are used
to prevent influenza illness in both populations but must be frequently updated due to rapidly …

Multiple subtypes and many antigenic variants of influenza A virus (IAV) co-circulate in
swine in the USA, complicating effective use of commercial vaccines to control disease and …

Influenza A viruses are important pathogens with a very broad host spectrum including
domestic poultry and swine. For preventing clinical disease and controlling the spread …