Brain cells normally respond adaptively to bioenergetic challenges resulting from ongoing
activity in neuronal circuits, and from environmental energetic stressors such as food …

Physical activity has been shown to improve cognitive functioning. Research has largely
focused on cognitive facilitation by cardiovascular exercise in older adults. Only few studies …

This is a brief review of current evidence for the relationships between physical activity and
exercise and the brain and cognition throughout the life span in non-pathological …

Brain plasticity refers to the remarkable property of cerebral neurons to change their
structure and function in response to experience, a fundamental theoretical theme in the …

Before the 1990s it was widely believed that the adult brain was incapable of regenerating
neurons. However, it is now established that new neurons are continuously produced in the …

The human brain shrinks with advancing age, but recent research suggests that it is also
capable of remarkable plasticity, even in late life. In this review we summarize the research …

The process of aging includes changes in cellular biology that affect local interactions
between cells and their environments and eventually propagate to systemic levels. In the …

Aerobic exercise (AE) has been widely praised for its potential benefits to cognition and
overall brain and mental health. In particular, AE has a potent impact on promoting the …

The most common cause of dementia, especially in elderly people, is Alzheimer's disease
(AD), with aging as its main risk factor. AD is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease …

This review will provide an overview of the non-drug based approaches that have been
demonstrated to enhance cognitive function of the compromised brain, primarily focussed on …