Psychostimulants, including amphetamines and methylphenidate, are first-line
pharmacotherapies for individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This …

Schizotypy refers to a set of temporally stable traits that are observed in the general
population and that resemble the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia. Here, we review …

REVIEWS personality disorders tend to view themselves as incompetent; antisocial people
feel vulnerable; people with borderline personalities feel powerless and devalued while …

The neuromodulator dopamine is centrally involved in reward, approach behavior,
exploration, and various aspects of cognition. Variations in dopaminergic function are …

One of the most debilitating aspects of schizophrenia is an apparent interest in or ability to
exert effort for rewards. Such “negative symptoms” may prevent individuals from obtaining …

Preferences for different combinations of costs and benefits are a key source of variability in
economic decision-making. However, the neurochemical basis of individual differences in …

The aberrant salience hypothesis proposes that striatal dopamine dysregulation causes
misattribution of salience to irrelevant stimuli leading to psychosis. Recently, new lines of …

The study of schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) is important clinically, as it is
understudied, challenging to treat, often under-recognized or misdiagnosed, and associated …

Importance The link between psychosis and dopaminergic dysfunction is established, but no
generalizable biomarkers with clear potential for clinical adoption exist. Objective To …

Executive control and flexible adjustment of behavior following errors are essential to
adaptive functioning. Loss of adaptive control may be a biomarker of a wide range of …