Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which are ubiquitously distributed in
mammalian tissues, play a major role in cell signaling by hydrolyzing cAMP and cGMP. Due …

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that have the unique function of
terminating cyclic nucleotide signaling by catalyzing the hydrolysis of cAMP and GMP. They …

Background—Delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) carried by Na+-Ca2+-exchange current
(INCX) in response to sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak can promote atrial fibrillation …

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) modulate the neurohormonal regulation of
cardiac function by degrading cAMP and cGMP. In cardiomyocytes, multiple PDE isozymes …

The sinoatrial node is perhaps one of the most important tissues in the entire body: it is the
natural pacemaker of the heart, making it responsible for initiating each-and-every normal …

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases regulate cAMP-mediated signaling by controlling
intracellular cAMP content. The cAMP-hydrolyzing activity of several families of cyclic …

A current challenge in cellular signaling is to decipher the complex intracellular
spatiotemporal organization that any given cell type has developed to discriminate among …

In the mammalian heart, cardiac function is under the control of the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous system. All regions of the mammalian heart are innervated by …

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) regulate all pathways that use cGMP or cAMP
as a second messenger. Five of the 11 PDE families have regulatory segments containing …

By catalyzing hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine
monophosphate (cGMP), cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases are critical regulators of their …