The cognitive reserve (CR) is widely accepted as the active ability to cope with brain
damage, using preexisting cognitive and compensatory processes. The common CR proxies …

It is known that patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) may show deficits in several areas of
cognition, including speech and language abilities. One domain of particular interest is …

Normative data of neuropsychological tests typically consider the effect of demographic
variables like age and education on performance. However, a broad literature has shown …

Due to advances in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers including
beta-amyloid (Aβ), neuropsychological measures that are sensitive to concurrent, subtle …

Objective: Cognitive reserve (CR) is a term used to describe the adaptability of cognitive
processes to brain changes. It helps to explain the different cognitive adaptation to daily …

Cognitive Reserve (CR) refers to cognitive resources acquired through experiences along
the lifespan that allow for flexibility in coping with neurocognitive changes. Investigating the …

Previous studies showed that high Cognitive Reserve (CR, years of education and
experience and knowledge acquired in life) is correlated with language proficiency as …

Background: Education has a protective effect toward cognitive decline in advanced age
and is an important factor contributing to cognitive reserve. Objective: To elucidate the …

Proper names comprise a class of labels that arbitrarily nominate specific entities, such as
people and places. Compared to common nouns, retrieving proper names is more …

It is well known that difficulty in the retrieval of people's names is an early symptom of
Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (ADD), but there is a controversy about the nature of this …