Our incomplete understanding of the causes and pathways involved in the onset and
progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) limits our ability to effectively treat this complex …

Importance Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease
of the central nervous system characterized by inflammatory demyelination with axonal …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young
adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic …

Genetic predisposition to multiple sclerosis (MS) only explains a fraction of the disease risk;
lifestyle and environmental factors are key contributors to the risk of MS. Importantly, these …

Recent findings have provided a molecular basis for the combined contributions of
multifaceted risk factors for the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS appears to start as a …

Background The cause of multiple sclerosis is believed to involve environmental exposure
and genetic susceptibility. We aimed to summarise the environmental risk factors that have …

Lifestyle and environmental factors potently influence the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS),
because genetic predisposition only explains a fraction of the risk increase. There is strong …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system characterized by
inflammation, demyelination, and neuronal damage. Environmental and genetic factors are …

The recent emergence of a causal link between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and multiple
sclerosis has generated considerable interest in the development of an effective vaccine …

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article summarizes recent advances in the identification of
genetic and environmental factors that affect the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) …