Migraine is two to three times more prevalent in women than men, and women report a
longer attack duration, increased risk of headache recurrence, greater disability, and a …

Migraine is ranked as the second highest cause of disability worldwide and the first among
women aged 15–49 years. Overall, the incidence of migraine is threefold higher among …

Millions of people are affected by pain-related conditions worldwide. Literature has
consistently shown that each individual experiences and perceives pain in a unique manner …

The term menstrual migraine refers to migraine that is associated with menstruation by more
than chance, but it does not define pathophysiology. Menstrual migraine affects about 20 …

Migraine is a major neurological disorder affecting one in nine adults worldwide with a
significant impact on health care and socioeconomic systems. Migraine is more prevalent in …

Primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic, idiopathic intraoral mucosal pain
condition that is not accompanied by clinical lesions or systemic disease. There is some …

ContextMenstrual migraine affects approximately 50% to 60% of female migraineurs, but
knowledge regarding the role of hormones, especially estrogen, appears incomplete …

Background Migraine is two to three times more prevalent in women than in men, but the
mechanisms involved in this gender disparity are still poorly understood. In this respect …

Gonadal hormones not only play a pivotal role in reproductive behavior and sexual
differentiation, they also contribute to thermoregulation, feeding, memory, neuronal survival …

Migraine is defined as recurrent attack of headache that are commonly unilateral and
accompanied by gastrointestinal and visual disorders. Migraine is more prevalent in females …