What makes us human? Specialists in each discipline respond through the lens of their own
expertise. In fact,'anthropogeny'(explaining the origin of humans) requires a transdisciplinary …

Human evolution was marked by an extraordinary increase in total brain size relative to
body size. While it is certain that increased encephalization is an important factor …

Uniformity, local variability, and systematic variation in neuron numbers per unit of cortical
surface area across species and cortical areas have been claimed to characterize the …

Increased connectivity of high‐order association regions in the neocortex has been
proposed as a defining feature of human brain evolution. At present, however, there are …

Synapses are involved in the communication of information from one neuron to another.
However, a systematic analysis of synapse density in the neocortex from a diversity of …

Using stereological analysis of NeuN-stained sections, we investigated neuronal density
and number of neurons per column throughout the marmoset cortex. Estimates of mean …

In this study, we assessed the possibility that humans differ from other primate species in the
supply of dopamine to the frontal cortex. To this end, quantitative comparative analyses were …

Vocal learning is thought to have evolved in 3 orders of birds (songbirds, parrots, and
hummingbirds), with each showing similar brain regions that have comparable gene …

Fundamental differences in excitatory pyramidal cells across cortical areas and species
highlight the implausibility of extrapolation from mouse to primate neurons and cortical …

Humans' closest living relatives are bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan
troglodytes), yet these great ape species differ considerably from each other in terms of …