This review summarizes the current evaluation and management of gestational trophoblastic
disease, including evacuation of hydatidiform moles, surveillance after evacuation of …

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of interrelated tumors that arise from
abnormal fertilization events and include both benign conditions (complete hydatidiform …

Gestational trophoblastic disease describes a group of rare pregnancy related disorders that
span a spectrum of premalignant and malignant conditions. Hydatidiform mole (also termed …

Hydatidiform moles are classified into complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs), which are
androgenetic and diploid, and partial hydatidiform moles (PHM), which are triploid with two …

Triploidy is a life‐limiting genetic aberration resulting from an extra haploid set of
chromosomes of paternal (diandric triploidy) or maternal origin (digynic triploidy). Triploidy …

Background Adverse pregnancy outcomes have reached epidemic proportions in recent
years with serious health ramifications, especially for diverse cancers risk. Therefore, we …

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) comprises a spectrum of neoplastic conditions
derived from the placenta. Hydatidiform moles, gestational choriocarcinoma, placental site …

Background High‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is rare and treated with
diverse approaches. Limited published institutional data has yet to be systematically …

Background The risk of malignant transformation of molar pregnancies after human
chorionic gonadotropin levels return to normal is low, roughly 0.4%, but may justify an …

Objective The objective of the study was to review the obstetric outcomes of complete
hydatidiform molar pregnancies with a coexisting fetus (CHMCF), a rare clinical entity that is …