Global warming and the associated climate changes are predictable. They are enhanced by
burning of fossil fuels and the emission of huge amounts of CO 2 gas which resulted in …

Parasitic infections are ubiquitous in wildlife, livestock and human populations, and healthy
ecosystems are often parasite rich. Yet, their negative impacts can be extreme …

Climate change is predicted to have important effects on parasitism and disease in
freshwater and marine ecosystems, with consequences for human health and socio …

Climate change affects ecological processes and interactions, including parasitism.
Because parasites are natural components of ecological systems, as well as agents of …

Temperature is an important environmental modulator of teleost immune activity.
Susceptibility of teleosts to temperature variation depends on the species‐specific adaptive …

Understanding linkages between environmental changes and disease emergence in human
and wildlife populations represents one of the greatest challenges to ecologists and …

A risk framework has been developed to examine the influence of climate change on
disease emergence in the United Kingdom. The fish immune response and the replication of …

Disease severity may be altered by the differential responses of hosts and parasites to rising
temperatures leading to an increase or reduction in disease. The net effect of climate …

Climate change-related factors are predicted to affect aquatic environments in many ways.
Fish physiology, immunology, behaviour, and parasite-avoidance strategies are likely to be …

Altered thermal regimes associated with climate change are impacting significantly on the
physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the Earth's natural ecosystems, with …