Cytoplasmic vacuolization (also called cytoplasmic vacuolation) is a well-known
morphological phenomenon observed in mammalian cells after exposure to bacterial or viral …

Programmed cell death (PCD) is an integral part of plant development and of responses to
abiotic stress or pathogens. Although the morphology of plant PCD is, in some cases, well …

Drought, cold, high-salinity and heat are major abiotic stresses that severely reduce the yield
of food crops worldwide. Traditional plant breeding approaches to improve abiotic stress …

Initially discovered in the context of photosynthesis, regulation by change in the redox state
of thiol groups (S− S↔ 2SH) is now known to occur throughout biology. Several systems …

It is commonly known that animal pathogens often target and suppress programmed cell
death (pcd) pathway components to manipulate their hosts. In contrast, plant pathogens …

Senescence is the last stage of leaf development and one type of programmed cell death
that occurs in plants. The relationships among senescence programs that are induced by a …

Mitochondria constitute a major source of reactive oxygen species and have been proposed
to integrate the cellular responses to stress. In animals, it was shown that mitochondria can …

In living cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in signaling but these
compounds can also damage macromolecules. As in other compartments, the mitochondrial …

▪ Abstract Host-selective toxins, a group of structurally complex and chemically diverse
metabolites produced by plant pathogenic strains of certain fungal species, function as …

To explore the role of plant mitochondria in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis and
stress resistance, we exploited a Nicotiana sylvestris mitochondrial mutant. The cytoplasmic …