Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) and tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) are the most potent toxins
known and cause botulism and tetanus, respectively. BoNTs are also widely utilized as …

Since its introduction as a treatment for strabismus, botulinum toxin (BoNT) has had a
phenomenal journey and is now recommended as first-line treatment for focal dystonia …

Botulism is a rare, neurotoxin-mediated, life-threatening disease characterized by flaccid
descending paralysis that begins with cranial nerve palsies and might progress to extremity …

Clostridium botulinum, a polyphyletic Gram-positive taxon of bacteria, is classified purely by
their ability to produce botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT). BoNT is the primary virulence factor …

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by various Clostridium strains, are a family of
potent bacterial toxins and potential bioterrorism agents. Here we report that an …

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced by Clostridia species are the most potent
identified natural toxins. Classically, the toxic neurological syndrome is characterized by an …

Molecular biologists and chemists alike have long sought to modify proteins with
substituents that cannot be installed by standard or even advanced genetic approaches. We …

Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins cause the neuroparalytic syndromes of tetanus and
botulism, respectively, by delivering inside different types of neurons, metalloproteases …

Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins are the most poisonous substances known, so much so
as to be considered for a possible terrorist use. At the same time, botulinum neurotoxin type …

Bacterial toxins are food safety hazards causing about 10% of all reported foodborne
outbreaks in Europe. Pertinent to Gram‐positive pathogens, the most relevant toxins are …