In plants, receptor-like kinases regulate many processes during reproductive and vegetative
development. The Arabidopsis subfamily of Catharanthus roseus RLK1-like kinases …

Successful fertilization heralds the onset of development and requires both gamete
recognition and a definitive block to polyspermy. Sperm initially bind and penetrate the …

Empty follicle syndrome (EFS) is defined as the failure to aspirate oocytes from mature
ovarian follicles during in vitro fertilization. Except for some cases caused by …

All mammalian oocytes and eggs are surrounded by a relatively thick extracellular matrix
(ECM), the zona pellucida (ZP), that plays vital roles during oogenesis, fertilization, and …

The human zona pellucida is composed of four glycoproteins (ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4) and
has an important role in reproduction. Here we describe a form of infertility with an …

Zona pellucida (ZP) is a glycoproteinaceous translucent matrix that surrounds the
mammalian oocyte and plays a critical role in the accomplishment of fertilization. In humans …

During fertilization or chemically-induced egg activation, the mouse egg releases billions of
zinc atoms in brief bursts known as 'zinc sparks.'The zona pellucida (ZP), a glycoprotein …

Fertilization by more than one sperm causes polyploidy, a condition that is generally lethal to
the embryo in the majority of animal species. To prevent this occurrence, eggs have …

Mammalian oocytes are surrounded by an extracellular coat called the zona pellucida (ZP),
which, from an evolutionary point of view, is the most ancient of the coats that envelope …

Fertilization is a key biological process in which the egg and sperm must recognize one
another and fuse to form a zygote. Although the process is a continuum, mammalian …