Nanomaterials are becoming important tools for vaccine development owing to their tunable
and adaptable nature. Unique properties of nanomaterials afford opportunities to modulate …

Immunoengineering is a rapidly evolving field that has been driving innovations in
manipulating immune system for new treatment tools and methods. The need for materials …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease, in which the immune
system attacks myelin. Although systemic immunosuppressive agents have been used to …

The high prevalence and rising incidence of autoimmune diseases have become a
prominent public health issue. Autoimmune disorders result from the immune system …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the major specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs), play a key
role in initiating the body's immune response, maintain the balance of immunity. DCs can …

Autoimmune disorders have risen to be among the most prevalent chronic diseases across
the globe, affecting approximately 5–7% of the population. As autoimmune diseases steadily …

Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stressed inflammatory response are major
characteristics of ulcerative colitis, which cause disease progression and aggravation …

Metal, as an active participant in life activities, has always been at the forefront of research.
Recent studies have revealed the crucial role of metal ions in activating the anti-tumor …

There is no curative treatment for chronic auto‐inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid
arthritis, and current treatments can induce off‐target side effects due to systemic immune …

Myelin is a spiral compilation of uniformly thick membranes around the axon in an
alternating fashion, and it is formed by a complicated process known as myelination. Myelin …