The epidemiology of kidney stones is evolving–not only is the prevalence increasing, but
also the gender gap has narrowed. What drives these changes? Diet, obesity or …

Kidney stone disease or nephrolithiasis is a common condition in the pediatric population
and its prevalence and incidence have increased in the last decade. 1–4 Changes in …

Background An increase in the incidence of kidney stone disease has been reported for all
age groups worldwide. To examine this trend, we conducted a nationwide study of the …

Purpose Pediatric urolithiasis has been treated with shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy
and percutaneous nephrolithotomy with high success rates during short-term followup. We …

Interesting data on kidney stone prevalence and metabolic risk factors for stone formation in
children were published in 2012, suggesting that we must invest more time and resources in …

It has been proposed that epithelial dysfunction and inflammation may predispose patients
to kidney stone formation. Asthma is another chronic condition related to epithelial …

Background Evidence has indicated that immediate family members of nephrolithiasis
patients had high opportunity to develop stones. However, they are usually not regarded to …

Introduction The analysis of 24-h urine is the gold standard to diagnose metabolic
abnormalities in the stone-forming patient. However, urinary composition changes …

Introduction Pediatric nephrolithiasis is a growing problem and prior studies have shown the
greatest increase in nephrolithiasis in the adolescent population. Metabolic abnormalities …

Introduction/Objective 24-h urine collections are recommended for motivated first-time stone
formers. Given that children have a lifetime potential for recurrences, metabolic work-up has …