The economic burden of HIV extends beyond the individual level and affects communities
and countries. HIV can lead to decreased economic growth due to lost productivity and …

The fact that fractional-order models possess memory leads to modeling a fractional-order
HIV-immune system. We discuss the necessary conditions for the optimality of a general …

It is undeniable that HIV infection has been a censorious public health concern over the past
four decades. It is reported that HIV is the main reason for AIDs which has decimated the …

A dynamical model of asymptomatic carrier zika virus model with optimal control strategies is
presented. The basic model zika without control and basic mathematical results are …

The rate of infection in many virus dynamics models is assumed to be bilinear in the virus
and uninfected target cells. In this paper, the dynamical behavior of a virus dynamics model …

It is well known that the mathematical models provide very important information for the
research of human immunodeciency virus type. However, the infection rate of almost all …

We present a delay‐differential equation model with optimal control that describes the
interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), CD4+ T cells, and cell‐mediated …

It is eminent that the infection of HIV is a censorious problem to public health for the last forty
years. This viral infection is the cause of Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus (AIDS) which …

In the last forty years, the rise of HIV has undoubtedly become a major concern in the field of
public health, imposing significant economic burdens on affected regions. Consequently, it …

HIV infection is a worldwide health threat, necessitating a multifaceted strategy that includes
prevention, testing, treatment and care. Moreover, it is essential to address the structural and …