Mendelian randomization (MR) is a term that applies to the use of genetic variation to
address causal questions about how modifiable exposures influence different outcomes …

Importance Mendelian randomization (MR) studies use genetic variation associated with
modifiable exposures to assess their possible causal relationship with outcomes and aim to …

Estimates from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of unrelated individuals capture
effects of inherited variation (direct effects), demography (population stratification …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common and partially heritable and has no
effective treatments. We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta …

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method of studying the causal effects of modifiable
exposures (ie, potential risk factors) on health, social, and economic outcomes using genetic …

This paper provides guidelines for performing Mendelian randomization investigations. It is
aimed at practitioners seeking to undertake analyses and write up their findings, and at …

Frailty and depression were linked in observational studies, but the causality remains
ambiguous. We intended to explore it using Mendelian randomization (MR). We obtained …

Background & Aims Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk stratification in individuals with
dysmetabolism is a major unmet need. Genetic predisposition contributes to non-alcoholic …

Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship and evidence of an
association between increased adiposity and the risk of incident cardiovascular disease …

Genome-wide association studies have yielded thousands of associations for many
common diseases and disease-related complex traits. The identified associations made it …