Human immune system acts as a pivotal role in the tissue homeostasis and disease
progression. Immunomodulatory biomaterials that can manipulate innate immunity and …

Foreign‐body response caused by implanted biomaterials seriously impedes the function of
implants and is a major obstacle to the development of implantable biomaterials and …

All biomaterials, when implanted in vivo, elicit cellular and tissue responses. These
responses include the inflammatory and wound healing responses, foreign body reactions …

As direct effector cells for osteogenesis, osteoblastic cells are commonly used for evaluating
the in vitro osteogenic capacity of bone biomaterials, and the traditional biological principle …

Macrophages have long been known for their phagocytic capabilities and immune defence;
however, their role in healing is being increasingly recognized in recent years due to their …

As the focus of implantable biomaterials has shifted from bioinert implants to bioactive
designs, recent research has highlighted the complex interactions between cell physiologic …

Calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics have been widely used for bone regeneration because
of their ability to induce osteogenesis. Surface properties, including chemical composition …

Macrophages are key players of the innate immune system that can roughly be divided into
the pro-inflammatory M1 type and the anti-inflammatory, pro-healing M2 type. While a …

The host immune response is critical for in situ osteogenesis, but correlations between local
inflammatory reactions and biomaterial osteoinduction are still poorly understood. This study …

Implants, transplants, and implantable biomedical devices are mainstream solutions for a
wide variety of human pathologies. One of the persistent problems around nondegradable …