This paper is the forty-fifth consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of
research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during …

Dietary intervention with a low glycemic index and full nutritional support is emerging as an
effective strategy for diabetes management. Here, we found that the treatment of a novel …

Tyrosine-arginine (kyotorphin), an opioid analgesic dipeptide, was discovered more than 40
years ago in 1979. The evidence accumulated during this period has established the …

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is defined as inter-stage between normal cognitive aging
and major neurocognitive disorder (MND). This state of decay is a crucial factor in treatment …

Abstract Background Apremilast (Apre), a novel phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, has
been shown to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, neuroprotective and senolytic …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by β‐
amyloid (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal cell loss, and oxidative stress …

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a component of polycarbonate plastics that has been implicated in
memory impairment. The present study investigated the effect of carnosic acid (CA) on …

Several studies have suggested that phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors may be a disease-
modifying for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cilostazol (CSZ) has been shown to be a new …

OBJECTIVE: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is identified by neuropathological symptoms, and
there is now no effective treatment for the condition. A lack of the brain neurotransmitter …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease,
considered the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population. Its rapid …