The HIV genome encodes a small number of viral proteins (ie, 16), invariably establishing
cooperative associations among HIV proteins and between HIV and host proteins, to invade …

Since the discovery of HIV as the cause for AIDS 30 years ago, major progress has been
made, including the discovery of drugs that now control the disease. Here, we review the …

Peptides and peptidomimetics can function as immunomodulating agents by either blocking
the immune response or stimulating the immune response to generate tolerance …

HIV integrase (IN) catalyzes the insertion into the genome of the infected human cell of viral
DNA produced by the retrotranscription process. The discovery of raltegravir validated the …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non‐coding RNAs that play a central role in the regulation of
gene expression by binding to target mRNAs. Several studies have revealed alterations in …

Despite the extensive research efforts over the past 25 years that have focused on HIV, there
is still no cure for AIDS. However, tremendous progress in the understanding of the structure …

Integrase (IN) is the newest validated target against AIDS and retroviral infections. The
remarkable activity of raltegravir (Isentress®) led to its rapid approval by the FDA in 2007 as …

Many disease-related proteins are in equilibrium between different oligomeric forms. The
regulation of this equilibrium plays a central role in maintaining the activity of these proteins …

The HIV‐1 Rev protein is responsible for shuttling partially spliced and unspliced viral
mRNA out of the nucleus. This is a crucial step in the HIV‐1 lifecycle, thus making Rev an …

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive strand RNA virus of the Flavivirus family that
replicates in the cytoplasm of infected hepatocytes. Previously, several nuclear localization …