Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the current knowledge of variation in sperm
morphology over several levels of biological organization: variation within males (both within …

Sperm are often considered to be individuals, in part because of their unique genetic
identities produced as a result of synapsis during meiosis, and in part due to their unique …

Polyneoptera is a name sometimes applied to an assemblage of 11 insect orders
comprising the lower neopterous or “orthopteroid” insects. These orders include familiar …

A cladistic analysis of Dictyoptera is presented based on a data set comprising 27 ingroup
taxa and 175 characters from morphology and life history (3 relating to symbiotic …

Abstract Background The phylogeny of Arthropoda is still a matter of harsh debate among
systematists, and significant disagreement exists between morphological and molecular …

External and internal head structures of adults of Galloisiana yuasai (Grylloblattodea) are
described. The results are compared with conditions found in representatives of other lower …

Results We sequenced the entire mt genome of Sclerophasma and Tamolanica and the
entire coding portion of Grylloblatta and Timema (the non-coding control region of the latter …

Phylogenetic studies of the stick and leaf insects (insect “order” Phasmatodea) have been
essentially lacking for a long period of time. Although the taxonomy of phasmatodeans has …

This comprehensive review of the structure of sperm in all orders of insects evaluates
phylogenetic implications, with the background of a phylogeny based on transcriptomes …

The recent description of the new insect order Mantophasmatodea by KLASS et al.(2002)
was based on two lines of morphological evidence: first, that these insects lack the sets of …