Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and other adiposity
traits have identified more than 300 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Although …

The close correspondence between energy intake and expenditure over prolonged time
periods, coupled with an apparent protection of the level of body adiposity in the face of …

The burgeoning interest in the field of epigenetics has precipitated the need to develop
approaches to strengthen causal inference when considering the role of epigenetic …

Background—Smoking is an important cardiovascular disease risk factor, but the
mechanisms linking smoking to blood pressure are poorly understood. Methods and Results …

The worldwide obesity epidemic has been mainly attributed to lifestyle changes. However,
who becomes obese in an obesity-prone environment is largely determined by genetic …

Background Potentially modifiable risk factors including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and
smoking are associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) and represent promising targets for …

The methodology and application of Mendelian randomization to study causal mechanisms
in health and disease has developed dramatically over the past decade. New methods …

Mendelian randomization methods, which use genetic variants as instrumental variables for
exposures of interest to overcome problems of confounding and reverse causality, are …

Objectives To investigate whether associations of smoking with depression and anxiety are
likely to be causal, using a Mendelian randomisation approach. Design Mendelian …

Background Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms, rs1051730 and rs16969968, located
within the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster on chromosome 15q25 locus, are …