CC Complementary Currency Central-bank money Money issued by central banks, in the
form of notes, reserves, and soon also CBDC. Coins are mostly still treasury money, but …

In line with the capital structure irrelevance principle of Modigliani and Miller (1958), this
article shows that when international capital allocation choices are determined by well …

The rise of CBDC and the gradually diminishing importance of bank money will loosen
today's overly tight bonds between central bank and banks. Options for monetary quantity …

Статья посвящена вопросам денежной эмиссии в целом и эмиссии цифровых денег в
частности. Рассматриваются различные подходы к проблеме выпуска денежных …

According to the Accounting View of Money (AVM), the money issued by commercial banks
in the form of demand deposits features a hybrid nature, since deposits can be shown to …

We create an alternative version of the present utility value formula to explicitly show that
every store-of-value in the economy bears utility-interest (non-pecuniary income) for its …

The research examined the impact of inflation on the financial statements of banks in Sudan.
The research problem was that ignoring the effect of the rise in the general level of prices …

Although in jurisprudential works, the creation of bank money has been examined from the
point of view of titles such as the return of wealth to falsehood, etc., but considering the large …

This article focused on financial accounting basics. The paper argues, using global
accounting rules, that government and central bank money isn't debt. Under a fractional …

* A debt expressed in a currency other than the national currency of the place of payment
may be discharged in that national currency at the rate of exchange that applies on the day it …