Flexibly selecting appropriate actions in response to complex, ever-changing environments
requires both cortical and subcortical regions, which are typically described as participating …

The superior colliculus (SC), one of the most well-characterized midbrain sensorimotor
structures where visual, auditory, and somatosensory information are integrated to initiate …

The ability to suppress actions that lead to a negative outcome and explore alternative
actions is necessary for optimal decision making. Although the basal ganglia have been …

The cerebellum consists of parallel circuit modules that contribute to diverse behaviors,
spanning motor to cognitive. Recent work employing cell-type-specific tracing has identified …

Action selection occurs through competition between potential choice options. Neural
correlates of choice competition are observed across frontal cortex and downstream …

Behavioral flexibility requires directing feedforward sensory information to appropriate
targets. In the superior colliculus, divergent outputs orchestrate different responses to visual …

Abnormal sensory responses are a DSM‐5 symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD),
and research findings demonstrate altered sensory processing in ASD. Beyond difficulties …

Appetitive locomotion is essential for animals to approach rewards, such as food and prey.
The neuronal circuitry controlling appetitive locomotion is unclear. In a goal-directed …

Prethalamic nuclei in the mammalian brain include the zona incerta, the ventral lateral
geniculate nucleus, and the intergeniculate leaflet, which provide long-range inhibition to …

The cerebellum has a long history in terms of research on its network structures and motor
functions, yet our understanding of them has further advanced in recent years owing to …