▪ Abstract In the absence of antiretroviral treatment, HIV-1 establishes a chronic, progressive
infection of the human immune system that invariably, over the course of years, leads to its …

The incidence of fungal infections in people has increased dramatically over the past 2
decades, as has the number and variety of infecting fungal agents| 1–29]. These trends …

Background Inadequate reconstitution of CD4+ T lymphocytes is an important clinical
problem complicating chemotherapy, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and bone …

HUMAN immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is typified by declining CD4+ T lymphocyte
counts in the peripheral circulation, a loss which may be secondary to accelerated …

Cell-mediated immunity and T-lymphocyte maturation are impaired in HIV-infected children.
These abnormalities would be detected in HIV-uninfected offspring of HIV women …

DURING normal fetal ontogeny, one of the first organs to harbour CD4-positive cells is the
thymus1. This organ could therefore be one of the earliest targets infected by human …

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in immunosuppression and
depletion of circulating CD4+ T cells. Since the thymus is the primary organ in which T cells …

Background Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1
contributes significantly to infant mortality. Exposure in the birth canal may account for some …

The use of combination antiretroviral therapy results in a substantial reduction in viremia, a
rebound of CD4+ T cells and increased survival for HIV-infected individuals. However, this …

Background Among infants with maternally transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection, there are two patterns of disease progression. In about a fifth of these infants there …