Therapies directed toward the central nervous system remain difficult to translate into
improved clinical outcomes. This is largely due to the blood–brain barrier (BBB), arguably …

The blood brain barrier (BBB) plays a critically important role in the regulation of central
nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, but also represents a major limitation to treatments of …

Initial reports from the 1960s describing the observations of ultrasound contrast
enhancement by tiny gaseous bubbles during echocardiographic examinations prompted …

The opening of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) by focused ultrasound (FUS) coupled with
intravenously injected microbubbles can be leveraged as a form of immunotherapy for the …

Ultrasonic waves can be non-invasively steered and focused into mm-scale regions across
the human body and brain, and their application in generating controlled artificial …

Noninvasive brain stimulation/modulation is a rapidly emerging technique that has been
implemented in different clinical applications. The commonly noninvasive techniques used …

Focused ultrasound with microbubbles promises unprecedented advantages for blood-brain
barrier disruption over existing intracranial drug delivery methods, as well as a significant …

Focused ultrasound (FUS) in combination with microbubbles (MBs) has been successfully
used in the delivery of various-size therapeutic agents across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) …

This paper presents a comprehensive review of hydrophones, their design considerations,
physical aspects, and structures by reviewing many publications that have been published …

Physiologically, brain tumors interact with surrounding vascular and glial cells, and change
their responses to survive in brain tissue‐specific microenvironments. A major difficulty in …