Background Recently, the hallmarks of aging were updated to include dysbiosis, disabled
macroautophagy, and chronic inflammation. In particular, the low-grade chronic …

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by a progressive decline in cellular and
tissue function, ultimately leading to organismal aging. Stem cells, with their regenerative …

Perturbations in the metabolism of ammonia, a cytotoxic endogenous metabolite, occur in a
number of chronic diseases, with consequent hyperammonemia. Increased skeletal muscle …

Abstract Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein
deacetylase located in the mitochondria, which mainly regulates the acetylation of …

The senescence of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells (NPCs), which is induced by the anomalous
accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is a major cause of intervertebral disc …

Abstract Hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α is continuously synthesized and degraded in
normoxia. During hypoxia, HIF1α stabilization restricts cellular/mitochondrial oxygen …

This comprehensive review focuses on the dynamics of branched-chain amino acids
(BCAAs) metabolism and its clinical implications in chronic liver disease, with emphasis on …

All authors declare: no support from any organization for the submitted work; no financial
relationships with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the …