The presence of macrophytes is one of the most conspicuous features of wetlands and their
presence distinguishes constructed wetlands from unplanted soil filters or lagoons. The …

The first experiments using wetland macrophytes for wastewater treatment were carried out
in Germany in the early 1950s. Since then, the constructed wetlands have evolved into a …

Landfills are the primary option for waste disposal all over the world. Most of the landfill sites
across the world are old and are not engineered to prevent contamination of the underlying …

Constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow (HF CWs) have successfully been
used for treatment various types of wastewater for more than four decades. Most systems …

Landfill leachate taken from a landfill situated in the north-western region of Bulgaria has
been treated in a laboratory scale vertical flow constructed wetland (VF-CW) at different flow …

Landfill leachate poses significant risks to the environment and human health if not
managed properly due to its potential to contaminate soil, ground, and surface waters …

This paper is a review of research and experiences related to the application of constructed
wetland systems (CWs) in southeastern Poland in 1992–2016. On the basis of literature …

This study investigated the effects of reed and willow on bioremediation of landfill leachate
in comparison with an unplanted control by measuring redox potential levels in the …

The paper describes the removal of nitrogen in horizontal sub-surface flow constructed
wetlands (HF CWs) for various types of wastewater. The survey includes more than 900 …

Three discontinuous batch shallow constructed wetland systems with recirculating
subsurface horizontal flow with reed, willow, and without plants were used to assess the …