The history of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) evolution and the diversity of the
environmental resistome indicate that AMR is an ancient natural phenomenon. Acquired …

Two-component systems (TCS) comprising sensor histidine kinases and response regulator
proteins are among the most important players in bacterial and archaeal signal transduction …

Histidine kinases (HKs) are major players in bacterial signaling. There has been an
explosion of new HK crystal structures in the last 5 years. We globally analyze the structures …

Microorganisms and their hosts communicate with each other through an array of hormonal
signals. This cross-kingdom cell-to-cell signalling involves small molecules, such as …

Two-component signal transduction systems enable bacteria to sense, respond, and adapt
to a wide range of environments, stressors, and growth conditions. In the prototypical two …

Bacteria continuously adapt to changes in their environment. Responses are largely
controlled by signal transduction systems that contain two central enzymatic components, a …

In vivo variations in the concentrations of biomolecular species are inevitable. These
variations in turn propagate along networks of chemical reactions and modify the …

An osmosensing mechanism in the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) involves
both a two-component signal transducer (Sln1p, Ypd1p and Ssk1p) and a MAP kinase …

Growth under conditions of salt stress has important effects on the synthesis of degradative
enzymes in Bacillus subtilis. Salt stress strongly stimulates the expression of sacB, encoding …

Two-component signal transduction systems, comprised of histidine kinases and their
response regulator substrates, are the predominant means by which bacteria sense and …