Across the spectrum of industrial sectors, including pharmaceuticals, chemicals, personal
care products, food additives and their associated regulatory agencies, there is a need to …

During the past few decades, the science of toxicology has been undergoing a
transformation from observational to predictive science. New approach methodologies …

This paper presents a 10-step read-across (RAX) framework for use in cases where a
threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) approach to cosmetics safety assessment is not …

Introduction Toxicity data are unavailable for many thousands of chemicals in commerce
and the environment. Therefore, risk assessors need to rapidly screen these chemicals for …

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in pharmaceutical research
and development has to date focused on research: target identification; docking-, fragment …

In silico tools and resources are now used commonly in toxicology and to support the “Next
Generation Risk Assessment”(NGRA) of cosmetics ingredients or materials. This review …

Abstract The Simcyp Simulator is a software platform for population physiologically‐based
pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling and simulation. It links in vitro data to in vivo absorption …

A plethora of databases exist online that can assist in in silico chemical or drug safety
assessment. However, a systematic review and grouping of databases, based on purpose …

The skin has been employed as a delivery route for localized as well as systemic delivery of
drugs. However, the Stratum corneum (SC) of the skin act as a main barrier for the …

Across multiple sectors, including food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries, there is a
need to predict the potential effects of xenobiotics. These effects are determined by the …