The tissue microenvironment regulates mammary gland development and tissue
homeostasis through soluble, insoluble and cellular cues that operate within the three …

It is well accepted that atherosclerosis occurs in a site-specific manner especially at branch
points where disturbed blood flow (d-flow) predisposes to the development of plaques …

The differentiation of fibroblasts to contractile myofibroblasts, which is characterized by de
novo expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), is crucial for wound healing and a …

Cell organization is largely orchestrated by extracellular gradients of morphogenetic
proteins. VEGF, an essential factor for capillary formation, is stored in the extracellular …

Mechanical forces are important signals in the development and function of the heart and
lung, growth of skin and muscle, and maintenance of cartilage and bone. The specific …

The Nrf2-Keap1 system coordinately regulates cytoprotective gene expression via the
antioxidant responsive element (ARE). The expression of several ARE-regulated genes was …

Hemodynamic and biochemical factors play important roles in critical steps of angiogenesis.
In particular, interstitial flow has attracted attention as an important hemodynamic factor …

Wall shear stress (WSS) is one of the most studied hemodynamic parameters, used in
correlating blood flow to various diseases. The pulsatile nature of blood flow, along with the …

Diabetes mellitus is one the strongest risk factors for cardiovascular disease and, in
particular, for ischemic heart disease (IHD). The pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia in …

Near-wall transport is of utmost importance in connecting blood flow mechanics with
cardiovascular disease progression. The near-wall region is the interface for biologic and …