The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a key player in the control of the cardiovascular
system and hydroelectrolyte balance, with an influence on organs and functions throughout …

The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has pivotal roles in the regulation of normal physiology
and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 …

In the past few years, the classical concept of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has
experienced substantial conceptual changes. The identification of: the renin/prorenin …

It is well known that the RAS (renin–angiotensin system) plays a key role in the modulation
of many functions in the body. AngII (angiotensin II) acting on AT1R (type 1 AngII receptor) …

The protease renin is the key enzyme of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade, which
is relevant under both physiological and pathophysiological settings. The kidney is the only …

Abstract Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is a multifunctional transmembrane
protein recently recognised as the entry receptor of the virus causing COVID-19. In the renin …

One of the greatest examples of integrated signal transduction is revealed by examination of
effects mediated by AKT kinase in myocardial biology. Positioned at the intersection of …

Skeletal muscle is a tissue that shows the most plasticity in the body; it can change in
response to physiological and pathological stimuli. Among the diseases that affect skeletal …

The comprehensive anabolic effects of insulin throughout the body, in addition to the control
of glycemia, include ensuring lipid homeostasis and anti-inflammatory modulation …

OBJECTIVE—Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the variable coexistence of obesity,
hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. It is well known that …