Executive summary As of May 31, 2022, there were 6· 9 million reported deaths and 17· 2
million estimated deaths from COVID-19, as reported by the Institute for Health Metrics and …

The goal of this piece is to survey the developing and rapidly growing literature on the
economic consequences of COVID‐19 and the governmental responses, and to synthetize …

Background Variations in the age patterns and magnitudes of excess deaths, as well as
differences in population sizes and age structures, make cross-national comparisons of the …

Objectives We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of observational
studies to investigate the association between diabetes, hypertension, body mass index …

This note develops a framework for thinking about the following question: What is the
maximum amount of consumption that a utilitarian welfare function would be willing to trade …

As of October 2020, there are> 1 million documented deaths with COVID‐19. Excess deaths
can be caused by both COVID‐19 and the measures taken. COVID‐19 shows extremely …

The 2020 US mortality totaled 2.8 million after early March, which is 17.3% higher than age-
population–weighted mortality over the same time interval in 2017 to 2019, for a total excess …

Estimating excess mortality is challenging. The metric depends on the expected mortality
level, which can differ based on given choices, such as the method and the time series …

We measure inequities from the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality and hospitalizations in the
United States during the early months of the outbreak. We discuss challenges in measuring …

Background: There is wide variation in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case-fatality
rates (CFRs) across countries, leading to uncertainty about the true lethality of the disease. A …