Thyroid hormone (TH) molecules enter cells via membrane transporters and, depending on
the cell type, can be activated (ie, T4 to T3 conversion) or inactivated (ie, T3 to 3, 3′-diiodo-l …

Thyroid hormone transporters at the plasma membrane govern intracellular bioavailability of
thyroid hormone. Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 8 and MCT10, organic anion …

The hypothalamus‐pituitary‐thyroid (HPT) axis determines the set point of thyroid hormone
(TH) production. Hypothalamic thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates the …

TRH is a tripeptide amide that functions as a neurotransmitter but also serves as a
neurohormone that has a critical role in the central regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary …

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a significant role in diverse processes related to growth,
development, differentiation, and metabolism. TH signaling modulates energy expenditure …

Background: An in-depth understanding of the fundamental principles that regulate thyroid
hormone homeostasis is critical for the development of new diagnostic and treatment …

Summary Triiodothyronine (T3), the active form of thyroid hormone is produced
predominantly outside the thyroid parenchyma secondary to peripheral tissue deiodination …

Deiodinases modify the biological activity of thyroid hormone (TH) molecules, ie, they may
activate thyroxine (T4) to 3, 5, 3′-triiodothyronine (T3), or they may inactivate T3 to 3, 3 …

The coordinated expression and activity of the iodothyronine deiodinases regulate thyroid
hormone levels in hypothyroidism. Once heralded as the pathway underpinning adequate …

BACKGROUND: Thyroid hormone signaling is critical for development, growth and
metabolic control in vertebrates. Although serum concentration of thyroid hormone is …