The classical role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is as a cellular energy sensor
activated by falling energy status, signalled by increases in AMP to ATP and ADP to ATP …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be widely isolated from various tissues including bone
marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, with the potential for self-renewal and …

Tumor immunotherapy has transformed neoplastic disease management, yet low response
rates and immune complications persist as major challenges. Extracellular vesicles …

The body partially maintains metabolic homeostasis through interorgan communication
between metabolic organs under physiological conditions. This crosstalk is known to be …

The brain, particularly the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH), has been long known
for its involvement in glucose sensing and whole-body glucose homeostasis. However, it is …

Here, we demonstrate that hypothalamic astrocytic BMAL1 computes cyclic metabolic
information to optimize energetic resources in a sexually dimorphic manner. Knockdown of …

Obesity results from a chronic excessive accumulation of adipose tissue due to a long-term
imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Available epidemiological and clinical …

Mammalian circadian clocks respond to feeding and light cues, adjusting internal rhythms
with day/night cycles. Astrocytes serve as circadian timekeepers, driving daily physiological …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a main cause of low back pain (LBP), which can
lead to disability and thus generate a heavy burden on society. IVDD is characterized by a …

Abstract Background Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are a mainstay therapy for
schizophrenia. SGA-treated patients present higher risk for weight gain, dyslipidemia and …