Reactive oxygen species (ROS) initially considered as only damaging agents in living
organisms further were found to play positive roles also. This paper describes ROS …

Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen
species and the antioxidants defences, in favour of the former. In recent years, the …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are an unenviable part of aerobic life. Their steady-state
concentration is a balance between production and elimination providing certain steady …

The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living organisms was described more
than 60 years ago and virtually immediately it was suggested that ROS were involved in …

Apart from its beneficial properties of oxygen to cellular functions, it can cause some
undesirable damages by the formation of ROS which can be neutralized by the formation of …

High temperatures and low oxygen in aquatic environments, such as intensive aquaculture
or in natural watersheds, inevitably cause stress in fish. Fish are exposed to high …

Organisms that tolerate wide variations in oxygen availability, especially to hypoxia, usually
face harsh environmental conditions during their lives. Such conditions include, for example …

Large changes in oxygen availability in aquatic environments, ranging from anoxia through
to hyperoxia, can lead to corresponding wide variation in the production of reactive oxygen …

Freezing, dehydration, salinity variations, hypoxia or anoxia are some of the environmental
constraints that many organisms must frequently endure. Organisms adapted to these …

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is essential for the survival of aquatic organisms, while its absence
from water effectively compromises the health of fish in aquacultures. Here, we simulated …