A comparative analysis of catecholaminergic systems in the brain and spinal cord of
vertebrates forces to reconsider several aspects of the organization of catecholamine …

Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are major excitatory and inhibitory
neurotransmitters in the vertebrate retina,“a genuine neural center”(Ramón y Cajal, 1964 …

The visual system adapts to the magnitude of intensity fluctuations, and this process begins
in the retina. Following the switch from a low-contrast environment to one of high contrast …

Retinal ganglion cells convey the visual image from the eye to the brain. They generally
encode local differences in space and changes in time rather than the raw image intensity …

Recording simultaneously from essentially all of the relevant neurons in a local circuit is
crucial to understand how they collectively represent information. Here we show that the …

The center–surround receptive-field organization in retinal ganglion cells is widely believed
to result mainly from lateral inhibition at the first synaptic level (in the outer retina). Inhibition …

In this review, we summarize studies investigating the types and distribution of voltage-and
calcium-gated ion channels in the different classes of retinal neurons: rods, cones …

Dong, Cun-Jian and Frank S. Werblin. Temporal contrast enhancement via GABAC
feedback at bipolar terminals in the tiger salamander retina. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 2171 …

Rod bipolar cells relay visual signals evoked by dim illumination from the outer to the inner
retina. GABAergic and glycinergic amacrine cells contact rod bipolar cell terminals, where …

We investigated the mechanisms underlying the modulation of transmitter release from
bipolar cells. Three currents, measured under whole-cell patch clamp in the tiger …