Polyamines are primordial polycations found in most cells and perform different functions in
different organisms. Although polyamines are mainly known for their essential roles in cell …

Microbe‐mediated mineralization is ubiquitous in nature, involving bacteria, fungi, viruses,
and algae. These mineralization processes comprise calcification, silicification, and iron …

Gene exchange between viruses and their hosts acts as a key facilitator of horizontal gene
transfer and is hypothesized to be a major driver of evolutionary change. Our understanding …

Biosilicification has driven variation in the global Si cycle over geologic time. The evolution
of different eukaryotic lineages that convert dissolved Si (DSi) into mineralized structures …

Coccolithophores occupy a special position within the marine phytoplankton because of
their production of intricate calcite scales, or coccoliths. Coccolithophores are major …

Coccolithophores are major contributors to phytoplankton communities and ocean
biogeochemistry and are strong modulators of the optical field in the sea. New discoveries …

Background Biological mineral formation (biomineralization) proceeds in specialized
compartments often bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Currently, the role of membranes …

Abstract Natural two-dimensional (2D) kaolinite nanoclay has been incorporated into an
emerging drug delivery system. The basal spacing of the kaolinite nanoclay was expanded …

Coccolithophores are major producers of ocean biogenic calcite, but this process is
predicted to be negatively affected by future ocean acidification scenarios. Since …

Biosilicification (the formation of biological structures from silica) occurs in diverse eukaryotic
lineages, plays a major role in global biogeochemical cycles, and has significant …